Performance of evaluation

[NoamSherr]

Hey there,

I encountered some performance benchmarks of certain CEL expressions evaluations using the library and wanted to know if that's the expected outcome.
I saw https://github.com/cloud-custodian/cel-python/wiki/Early-Profiling-Data and https://github.com/cloud-custodian/cel-python/blob/main/benches/large_resource_set.py and wanted to validate performance time for large data sets.

The expression I tried running is the following -
((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:centos:centos:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:debian:debian:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:debian:debian:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:debian:debian_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:oracle:linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")))) ? "Windows Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")))) ? "Windows Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) || (!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a))) ? "Unassigned" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")))) ? "Solutions Team" : ((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)) ? "End User" : "unknown"))))))))))))
with the following context -

cel_context = {
                        "class_a": celpy.json_to_cel({"property_a":"something"}),
                        "class_b": celpy.json_to_cel({"title":"something else","property_b":"some var","integration_info":{"type":"GitHub"}}),
                        "optional": celpy.json_to_cel({})
                    }

The average I'm getting on my local machine (Macbook pro M1 Max, 32G RAM), is around 3.5 seconds per iteration - is this expected?
As a comparison using https://github.com/google/cel-java takes 1 second for the same 10k iterations which is a exponentially faster.
Is it possible to reach the java times? perhaps Lark in the evaluation is causing an issue here?
I tried also passing to the env the CompiledRunner class to maybe boost performance, but seems like its calling super() for the evaluation which raises NotImplementedError - so not sure how to evaluate the expressions as pure python.

I tried smaller scripts - this one takes 0.2 seconds per iteration -

(!has(class_b.integration_info.type) ?
                false:("some value" == class_b.integration_info.type)) ?
                optional.of("some value") : optional.of("some other value")

Which is still significantly slower then the java.

(need to run it with these custom functions -

functions = {
    "of": lambda optional, value: value,
    "none": lambda optional, : None
}

)

I know there is redundancy in the big expression and that it can be optimized, but I'm using it intentionally since it is user-generated and can be encountered in my system.

I'm adding here a python script I used for the benchmarking - tried to wrap the processing code with cProfile but it just slowed things down even more so this is based on using the time.

Any help on this would be much appreciated,

Thanks,

import celpy
import celpy.celtypes
import time

CEL_EXPRESSION_ORIGINAL = """
(
    (
        !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
            false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
    ) && 
    (
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:centos:centos:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:centos:centos:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:centos:centos:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:centos:centos:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:centos:centos:")
        )
    )
) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ?
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:debian:debian:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:debian:debian:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:debian:debian_linux:")
            )
        )
    ) ?
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ?
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ?
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:oracle:linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:oracle:linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:oracle:linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:oracle:linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:oracle:linux:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")
        )
    )
) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Linux Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Windows Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Windows Team") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)
        ) || 
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ?   
                false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Unassigned") : 
(
    (
        (
            !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
                false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)
        ) && 
        (
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")
            ) || 
            (
                !has(class_b.property_b) ? 
                    false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")
            )
        )
    ) ? 
optional.of("Solutions Team") : 
(
    (
        !has(class_a.property_a) ? 
            false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)
    ) ? 
optional.of("End User") : optional.of("Unknown")))))))))))))
"""


CEL_EXPRESSION_SHORT = """
    "bla bla"
"""
CEL_EXPRESSION_MEDIUM = """
    (!has(class_b.integration_info.type) ?
                false:("some value" == class_b.integration_info.type)) ?
                optional.of("some value") : optional.of("some other value")
"""
CEL_EXPRESSION_ORIGINAL_NO_OPTIONAL = """
((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:centos:centos:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:centos:centos:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:debian:debian_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:debian:debian:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:debian:debian:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:debian:debian_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:fedoraproject:fedora:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:oracle:linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:oracle:linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:novell:suse_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("p-os:/a:canonical:ubuntu_linux:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")))) ? "Linux Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")))) ? "Windows Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/h:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/h:")))) ? "Windows Team" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Linux" == class_a.property_a)) || (!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Server" == class_a.property_a))) ? "Unassigned" : (((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)) && ((!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/o:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("os:/a:microsoft:")) || (!has(class_b.property_b) ? false : class_b.property_b.contains("x-os:/a:microsoft:")))) ? "Solutions Team" : ((!has(class_a.property_a) ? false : ("Windows Workstation" == class_a.property_a)) ? "End User" : "unknown"))))))))))))
"""


functions = {
    "of": lambda optional, value: value,
    "none": lambda optional, : None
}

env = celpy.Environment()

before_compile = time.time()
ast = env.compile(CEL_EXPRESSION_ORIGINAL_NO_OPTIONAL)
print(f'after compile: {time.time() - before_compile}')

before_runner = time.time()
program = env.program(ast,functions=functions)
print(f'after runner: {time.time() - before_runner}')

before_eval = time.time()

def process():
    for i in range(0, 100):
        before_json_to_cel = time.time()
        cel_context = {
                        "class_a": celpy.json_to_cel({"property_a":"something"}),
                        "class_b": celpy.json_to_cel({"title":"something else","property_b":"some var","integration_info":{"type":"GitHub"}}),
                        "optional": celpy.json_to_cel({})
                    }
        after_row_pre_process = time.time() - before_json_to_cel

        before_row_eval = time.time()
        result = program.evaluate(cel_context)
        after_row_eval = time.time()
        print(f"""after eval row {i}, 
              row time: {(after_row_eval - before_json_to_cel):.3f}, 
              pre-process time: {after_row_pre_process:.3f},
              eval time: {(after_row_eval - before_row_eval):.3f}, 
              current total time: {((after_row_eval - before_eval)/60):.3f} minutes, 
              result: {result}""")

# pr = cProfile.Profile()
# pr.enable()
# print("started profiler")
process()
# print("disabling profiler")
# pr.disable()

# s = io.StringIO()
# ps = pstats.Stats(pr, stream=s).sort_stats(pstats.SortKey.TIME)
# ps.print_stats()
# print(s.getvalue())

[cromwellian]

It's because of excess stringification caused by the @trace and logging everywhere, even if logging is disabled. It needs to be patched, but for now, try

    NameContainer.__repr__ = lambda self: ""
    Referent.__repr__ = lambda self: ""
    Activation.__repr__ = lambda self: ""
    MapType.__repr__ = lambda self: ""
    Tree.__repr__ = lambda self: ""

[NoamSherr]

@cromwellian thanks for the quick response! - this indeed helped; I'm getting now 10k iterations at around 1.5minutes (10 ms per row) which is a great improvement. anything additional I can do to increase it x10 :) ? As this is still slower then cel-java; ideally I need it to run in 1ms per iteration - you think possible or are we blocked at python's limitations?

[cromwellian]

You could implement a compiler. It may or may not speed it up depending on how you do it. Here is a very simple approach that may or may not work: Use Lambdas

Consider:

tree = ('*', ('+', 2, 3), ('-', 5, 2))
ops = {
  '+': lambda a, b: a + b,
  '-': lambda a, b: a - b,
  '*': lambda a, b: a * b
}

def compile(node):
    if not isinstance(node, tuple):
        return lambda: node
    else:
        op, left, right = node
        return lambda: ops[op](compile(left)(), compile(right)())


compiled = compile(tree)
print(compiled())

You could implement a lark.Transformer to do this and turn the entire CEL Ast into chained lambdas. It may or may not give a performance boost over generating python strings that 'eval'. I'd work on it myself but I don't have time recently.

[cromwellian]

BTW, this little benchmark shows a 1.5x speedup by using lambda compilation

from datetime import datetime
from random import random

ops = {
    '+': lambda x, y: x + y,
    '-': lambda x, y: x - y,
    '*': lambda x, y: x * y,
    '/': lambda x, y: x / y if y != 0 else 1
}
ops_list = list(ops.keys())

def make_ast(depth):
    if depth == 0:
        return depth + 1
    return ops_list[int(random() * len(ops_list))], make_ast(depth - 1), make_ast(depth - 1)

def eval_ast(ast):
    if type(ast) != tuple:
        return ast
    return ops[ast[0]](eval_ast(ast[1]), eval_ast(ast[2]))

def compile(ast):
    if type(ast) != tuple:
        return lambda: ast
    left, right = compile(ast[1]), compile(ast[2])
    return lambda: ops[ast[0]](left(), right())

loops = 1000000
x = make_ast(5)
start = datetime.now()
for i in range(loops):
    eval_ast(x)
print(f"Interpreted {datetime.now() - start}")
c = compile(x)
start = datetime.now()
for i in range(loops):
    c()
print(f"Compiled {datetime.now() - start}")

[cromwellian]

BTW, if you want to play around, AI can do some amazing things. I asked Sonnet 3.5 to implement the compiler suggested above and it did it on first try (but not using a lark AST), I bet you could get it to read the cel-python AST source and implement the compiler with enough coaxing, see here:

https://x.com/cromwellian/status/1804455807968518425

[kapilt]

seems like we would need to do some c/rust extensions, perhaps. @slott56 any thoughts?

[slott56]

One performance drag is the CEL spec mandates a number of features of Go. This leads wrapping some Python objects to create Go-language semantics. (The % operator is a specific issue that's rather quite irritating.)

Creating a higher-performance runtime through compilation makes perfect sense -- that is how the Go-language implementation works, and is also implied by some parts of the CEL spec.

One possibly nutty idea is to do CEL -> Python, permitting ready compilation and execution in a Python context.

The use of lambda compilation (as shown above) can reduce the runtime overheads and lead to the kind of compiled object suggested by the CEL spec.

The use of some sort of more bare-metal extensions in Rust would be beneficial, also.

[slott56]

To answer the question as asked: Yes, poor performance is expected.

I doubt, however, that's what this issue is really about.

I'm adding this detailed example to the benchmarking suite to better track performance evaluation and look for ways to improve performance.

The supplied code provides a great deal of useful insight.

329700/200    0.091    0.000    1.828    0.009 /Users/slott/github/local/cel-python/src/celpy/evaluation.py:1274(visit_children)
367700/100    0.089    0.000    1.829    0.018 /Users/slott/github/local/cel-python/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/lark/visitors.py:425(_visit_tree)
329700/200    0.087    0.000    1.828    0.009 /Users/slott/github/local/cel-python/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/lark/visitors.py:433(visit_children)
   720400    0.080    0.000    0.111    0.000 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/lib/python3.12/logging/__init__.py:1529(info)
   536200    0.079    0.000    0.103    0.000 /Users/slott/github/local/cel-python/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/lark/lexer.py:265(__eq__)

As expected, the lark visit_children() is where a great deal of time is spent. Further, there's a lot of time in logging.info() operations that can be addressed separately. The @trace decorator injects quite a bit of logging that should be made optional. If tracing isn't required, the decorator should do nothing.

Walking the expression tree is an essential part of assuring the semantics of CEL are implemented correctly. Any other evaluation technique becomes rather difficult to debug.

Once we're past the "is it right?" question, we can move on to the implied ask in this issue: make it faster.

One other useful result from the example is this:

Compile:     8.7719 ms
Prepare:     0.0004 ms
Convert:     0.0066 ms
Evaluate:    7.2994 ms

This helps a great deal by providing a concrete metric for evaluating alternative approaches.

One solution is to implement the __init__.CompiledRunner class.