Respect --logfile with --execute at the CLI

[rolandwalker]

Description

This also works when piping in a script via the standard input.

We could ask for cleaner code, as this requires repeating log_query() and log_output(). In addition, the naming for run_query() is not clear.

Fixes #1108

Checklist

• I've added this contribution to the changelog.md.
• I've added my name to the AUTHORS file (or it's already there).
• I ran uv run ruff check && uv run ruff format && uv run mypy --install-types . to lint and format the code.