`EF.Constant` fails inside method-call argument in `EF.CompileAsyncQuery`

[georg-jung]

Bug description

I noticed the following behavior when upgrading a .NET 10 app from EF Core 8 to EF Core 10. I think this is a regression introduced in EF Core 9 that still persists in EF Core 10.

This kind of query works normally

var query = db.Blogs
    .Where(b => b.PublishedOn >= DateTime.Today.AddDays(EF.Constant(-lookbackDays)))

but breaks when compiled/wrapped in EF.CompileAsyncQuery. EF Core 9 throws InvalidCastException, casting to ParameterExpression while EF Core 10 tries to cast to QueryParameterExpression

The same exceptions are thrown if I replace the variable -lookbackDays with a literal constant, e.g. -10. I think this is provider agnostic, because I noticed this behavior with Npgsql but made a repro based on SQLite.

I attached a full single-file runnable repro below.

Expected behavior

Either:

• the compiled query works, as in EF Core 8 / like the equivalent non-compiled query, or
• EF throws a clear supported exception explaining that this pattern is not supported in compiled queries.

Actual behavior

EF Core 9 throws:

System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ConstantExpression' to type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ParameterExpression'.

EF Core 10 throws:

System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ConstantExpression' to type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryParameterExpression'.

The stack trace goes through QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor during query compilation.

Notes

• EF Core 8: works
• EF Core 9/10: equivalent non-compiled query works, compiled query throws
• SQLite repro, but this looks provider-agnostic since the exception is thrown before query execution

Your code

#!/usr/bin/env dotnet
#:property TargetFramework=net10.0
#:property PublishAot=false
// #:package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite@8.*
// #:package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite@9.*
#:package Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite@10.*

using Microsoft.Data.Sqlite;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

var lookbackDays = 7; // intentionally not const
const string url = "https://example.com";

Console.WriteLine($"Runtime:  {Environment.Version}");
Console.WriteLine($"EF Core:  {typeof(DbContext).Assembly.GetName().Version}");
Console.WriteLine($"Provider: {typeof(SqliteDbContextOptionsBuilderExtensions).Assembly.GetName().Version}");
Console.WriteLine($"Days:     {lookbackDays}");
Console.WriteLine();

await using var connection = new SqliteConnection("Data Source=:memory:");
await connection.OpenAsync();

var options = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<AppDbContext>()
    .UseSqlite(connection)
    .EnableDetailedErrors()
    .EnableSensitiveDataLogging()
    .LogTo(Console.WriteLine,
        new[]
        {
            DbLoggerCategory.Query.Name,
            DbLoggerCategory.Database.Command.Name,
            DbLoggerCategory.Infrastructure.Name,
        },
        LogLevel.Information)
    .Options;

AppDbContext NewDb() => new(options);

await using (var db = NewDb())
{
    await db.Database.EnsureCreatedAsync();
    db.Blogs.AddRange(
        new Blog { Id = 1, Url = url, PublishedOn = DateTime.Today.AddDays(-2) },
        new Blog { Id = 2, Url = url, PublishedOn = DateTime.Today.AddDays(-7) },
        new Blog { Id = 3, Url = url, PublishedOn = DateTime.Today.AddDays(-20) });
    await db.SaveChangesAsync();
}

await NormalQuery();
await CompiledBroken();

async Task NormalQuery()
{
    Banner("1) Normal query works");

    await using var db = NewDb();
    var query = db.Blogs
        .TagWith("normal")
        .Where(b => b.Url == url)
        .Where(b => b.PublishedOn >= DateTime.Today.AddDays(EF.Constant(-lookbackDays)))
        .OrderBy(b => b.Id);

    Console.WriteLine(query.ToQueryString());
    PrintRows(await query.ToListAsync());
}

async Task CompiledBroken()
{
    Banner("2) Compiled query throws");

    Func<AppDbContext, string, IAsyncEnumerable<Blog>> compiled = EF.CompileAsyncQuery(
        (AppDbContext db, string blogUrl) => db.Blogs
            .TagWith("compiled-broken")
            .Where(b => b.Url == blogUrl)
            .Where(b => b.PublishedOn >= DateTime.Today.AddDays(EF.Constant(-lookbackDays)))
            .OrderBy(b => b.Id)
            .Select(b => b));

    await using var db = NewDb();
    await TryAsync(async () =>
    {
        var rows = new List<Blog>();
        await foreach (var blog in compiled(db, url))
        {
            rows.Add(blog);
        }
        PrintRows(rows);
    });
}

static void Banner(string title)
{
    Console.WriteLine(new string('=', title.Length));
    Console.WriteLine(title);
    Console.WriteLine(new string('=', title.Length));
}

static void PrintRows(List<Blog> rows)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Rows: {rows.Count}");
    foreach (var blog in rows)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"  {blog.Id}: {blog.Url} @ {blog.PublishedOn:yyyy-MM-dd}");
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
}

static async Task TryAsync(Func<Task> action)
{
    try
    {
        await action();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(ex);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

sealed class Blog
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Url { get; set; } = "";
    public DateTime PublishedOn { get; set; }
}

sealed class AppDbContext(DbContextOptions<AppDbContext> options) : DbContext(options)
{
    public DbSet<Blog> Blogs => Set<Blog>();
}

Stack traces

EF 8 - works

PS D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min> dotnet run --file EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs
Runtime:  10.0.5
EF Core:  8.0.26.0
Provider: 8.0.26.0
Days:     7

warn: 21.04.2026 15:07:36.330 CoreEventId.SensitiveDataLoggingEnabledWarning[10400] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure) 
      Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data; this mode should only be enabled during development.
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:36.687 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (25ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "sqlite_master" WHERE "type" = 'table' AND "rootpage" IS NOT NULL;
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:36.946 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (5ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE "Blogs" (
          "Id" INTEGER NOT NULL CONSTRAINT "PK_Blogs" PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
          "Url" TEXT NOT NULL,
          "PublishedOn" TEXT NOT NULL
      );
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:37.372 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (8ms) [Parameters=[@p0='1', @p1='2026-04-19T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:37.385 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='2', @p1='2026-04-14T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:37.386 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='3', @p1='2026-04-01T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
=====================
1) Normal query works
=====================
-- normal

SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
ORDER BY "b"."Id"
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:37.987 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      -- normal
      
      SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
      FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
      WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
      ORDER BY "b"."Id"
Rows: 2
  1: https://example.com @ 2026-04-19
  2: https://example.com @ 2026-04-14

========================
2) Compiled query throws
========================
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:38.187 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@__blogUrl='https://example.com' (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      -- compiled-broken
      
      SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
      FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
      WHERE "b"."Url" = @__blogUrl AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
      ORDER BY "b"."Id"
Rows: 2
  1: https://example.com @ 2026-04-19
  2: https://example.com @ 2026-04-14

EF 9 - throws ParameterExpression

PS D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min> dotnet run --file EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs
Runtime:  10.0.5
EF Core:  9.0.15.0
Provider: 9.0.15.0
Days:     7

warn: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.161 CoreEventId.SensitiveDataLoggingEnabledWarning[10400] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure) 
      Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data; this mode should only be enabled during development.
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.358 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (15ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "sqlite_master" WHERE "type" = 'table' AND "rootpage" IS NOT NULL;
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.575 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE "Blogs" (
          "Id" INTEGER NOT NULL CONSTRAINT "PK_Blogs" PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
          "Url" TEXT NOT NULL,
          "PublishedOn" TEXT NOT NULL
      );
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.845 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (7ms) [Parameters=[@p0='1', @p1='2026-04-19T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.855 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='2', @p1='2026-04-14T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:50.856 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='3', @p1='2026-04-01T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
=====================
1) Normal query works
=====================
-- normal

SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
ORDER BY "b"."Id"
info: 21.04.2026 15:07:51.437 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      -- normal
      
      SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
      FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
      WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
      ORDER BY "b"."Id"
Rows: 2
  1: https://example.com @ 2026-04-19
  2: https://example.com @ 2026-04-14

========================
2) Compiled query throws
========================
System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ConstantExpression' to type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ParameterExpression'.
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitUnary(UnaryExpression node)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression binaryExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitLambda[T](Expression`1 node)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitUnary(UnaryExpression node)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.Normalize(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryTranslationPreprocessor.NormalizeQueryableMethod(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.RelationalQueryTranslationPreprocessor.NormalizeQueryableMethod(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryTranslationPreprocessor.Process(Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryCompilationContext.CreateQueryExecutorExpression[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryCompilationContext.CreateQueryExecutor[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Database.CompileQuery[TResult](Expression query, Boolean async)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.CompileQueryCore[TResult](IDatabase database, Expression query, IModel model, Boolean async)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.CreateCompiledAsyncQuery[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledAsyncEnumerableQuery`2.CreateCompiledQuery(IQueryCompiler queryCompiler, Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.<>c.<EnsureExecutor>b__7_0(CompiledQueryBase`2 t, TContext c, LambdaExpression q)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.NonCapturingLazyInitializer.EnsureInitialized[TParam1,TParam2,TParam3,TValue](TValue& target, TParam1 param1, TParam2 param2, TParam3 param3, Func`4 valueFactory)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.EnsureExecutor(TContext context)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.ExecuteCore(TContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Object[] parameters)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.ExecuteCore(TContext context, Object[] parameters)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledAsyncEnumerableQuery`2.Execute[TParam1](TContext context, TParam1 param1)
   at Program.<>c__DisplayClass0_1.<<<Main>$>b__14>d.MoveNext() in D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min\EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs:line 84
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Program.<<Main>$>g__TryAsync|0_5(Func`1 action) in D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min\EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs:line 113

EF 10 - throws QueryParameterExpression

PS D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min> dotnet run --file EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs
Runtime:  10.0.5
EF Core:  10.0.6.0
Provider: 10.0.6.0
Days:     7

warn: 21.04.2026 15:08:32.731 CoreEventId.SensitiveDataLoggingEnabledWarning[10400] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure) 
      Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data; this mode should only be enabled during development.
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:32.951 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (19ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "sqlite_master" WHERE "type" = 'table' AND "rootpage" IS NOT NULL;
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:33.234 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (3ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE "Blogs" (
          "Id" INTEGER NOT NULL CONSTRAINT "PK_Blogs" PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
          "Url" TEXT NOT NULL,
          "PublishedOn" TEXT NOT NULL
      );
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:33.644 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (11ms) [Parameters=[@p0='1', @p1='2026-04-19T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:33.659 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='2', @p1='2026-04-14T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:33.660 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[@p0='3', @p1='2026-04-01T00:00:00.0000000+02:00' (DbType = DateTime), @p2='https://example.com' (Nullable = false) (Size = 19)], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO "Blogs" ("Id", "PublishedOn", "Url")
      VALUES (@p0, @p1, @p2);
=====================
1) Normal query works
=====================
-- normal

SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
ORDER BY "b"."Id"
info: 21.04.2026 15:08:34.301 RelationalEventId.CommandExecuted[20101] (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command) 
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      -- normal
      
      SELECT "b"."Id", "b"."PublishedOn", "b"."Url"
      FROM "Blogs" AS "b"
      WHERE "b"."Url" = 'https://example.com' AND "b"."PublishedOn" >= rtrim(rtrim(strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%f', 'now', 'localtime', 'start of day', CAST(CAST(-7 AS REAL) AS TEXT) || ' days'), '0'), '.')
      ORDER BY "b"."Id"
Rows: 2
  1: https://example.com @ 2026-04-19
  2: https://example.com @ 2026-04-14

========================
2) Compiled query throws
========================
System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.ConstantExpression' to type 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryParameterExpression'.
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitUnary(UnaryExpression node)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression binaryExpression)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitLambda[T](Expression`1 node)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitUnary(UnaryExpression node)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at System.Dynamic.Utils.ExpressionVisitorUtils.VisitArguments(ExpressionVisitor visitor, IArgumentProvider nodes)
   at System.Linq.Expressions.ExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression node)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCallExpression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryableMethodNormalizingExpressionVisitor.Normalize(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryTranslationPreprocessor.NormalizeQueryableMethod(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.RelationalQueryTranslationPreprocessor.NormalizeQueryableMethod(Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryTranslationPreprocessor.Process(Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryCompilationContext.CreateQueryExecutorExpression[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.QueryCompilationContext.CreateQueryExecutor[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Storage.Database.CompileQuery[TResult](Expression query, Boolean async)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.CompileQueryCore[TResult](IDatabase database, Expression query, IModel model, Boolean async)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.CreateCompiledAsyncQuery[TResult](Expression query)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledAsyncEnumerableQuery`2.CreateCompiledQuery(IQueryCompiler queryCompiler, Expression expression)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.<>c.<EnsureExecutor>b__7_0(CompiledQueryBase`2 t, TContext c, LambdaExpression q)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Internal.NonCapturingLazyInitializer.EnsureInitialized[TParam1,TParam2,TParam3,TValue](TValue& target, TParam1 param1, TParam2 param2, TParam3 param3, Func`4 valueFactory)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.EnsureExecutor(TContext context)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.ExecuteCore(TContext context, CancellationToken cancellationToken, Object[] parameters)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledQueryBase`2.ExecuteCore(TContext context, Object[] parameters)
   at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.CompiledAsyncEnumerableQuery`2.Execute[TParam1](TContext context, TParam1 param1)
   at Program.<>c__DisplayClass0_1.<<<Main>$>b__14>d.MoveNext() in D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min\EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs:line 84
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Program.<<Main>$>g__TryAsync|0_5(Func`1 action) in D:\git\efconstant-mwe-min\EfConstantCompiledBlog.cs:line 113

Verbose output

n/a

EF Core version

10.0.6

Database provider

Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Sqlite (but I think this is provider agnostic)

Target framework

.NET 10.0

Operating system

Windows 11

IDE

[roji]

Hey @georg-jung 👋

This was an intentional breaking change done in EF 9 - see #33674; while we flagged it as a breaking change, the breaking change note was never done, unfortunately. I've just submitted dotnet/EntityFramework.Docs#5341 to do that.

In a nutshell, the EF8 implementation applied the constant extremely early in the query pipeline - before the query cache - so that each and every invocation of the query had to go through the entire compilation pipeline (very slow). EF 9 changed the implementation to be much more efficient, but an unfortunate side effect of this was that this is no longer compatible with compiled queries.

I also filed #38151 to have a decent error message here, as the current situation is obviously not good.

Other than these two things, I'll go ahead and close this as a duplicate of #33674; but I'm happy to continue the conversation and discuss other options. Compiled queries unfortunately do have some limitations and incompatibilities with other EF features.

[georg-jung]

Hey @roji,
Thank you for your super-quick response, which was, as always, very helpful!
For my specific use case, choosing a compiled query was debatable altogether, and using a regular query works out perfectly. Updating the docs and tracking #38151 is actually a great solution for me, so I'm very happy to consider this resolved. Thanks again!