Verify runtime capabilities of callables defined in referenced libraries

[bamarsha]

This merges feature/capability-inference to main (via a user branch).

TODO:

• Infer capabilities in libraries based on local source code (Add callable-local runtime capability inference #593)
• Merge call graph into the capability inference branch (Merge branch features/CallGraphWalker into feature/capability-inference #598)
• Infer capabilities in libraries based on call dependencies (Infer runtime capabilities using callable dependencies #601)
• Restrict inference to callables defined in the current library (Infer runtime capabilities using callable dependencies #601)
• Verify capabilities in executables based on previously inferred capability attributes (Add error when using library callable that exceeds execution target's capabilities #620)
• Merge the call graph to main and rebase this branch
• Define the Capability attribute in the standard library (Add RequiresCapability attribute qsharp-runtime#372)

Closes #586.

[bamarsha]

Build failing on qsharp-runtime:

D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\MeasurementSupportTests.qs(26,13): error QS5027: The callable Reset requires runtime capabilities that are not supported by the target IonQProcessor. [D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\IonQExe.csproj]
D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\MeasurementSupportTests.qs(16,13): error QS5027: The callable Reset requires runtime capabilities that are not supported by the target IonQProcessor. [D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\IonQExe.csproj]
D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\MeasurementSupportTests.qs(15,13): error QS5027: The callable Reset requires runtime capabilities that are not supported by the target IonQProcessor. [D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\IonQExe.csproj]
C:\Users\VssAdministrator\.nuget\packages\microsoft.quantum.sdk\0.12.200914858-pull\Sdk\Sdk.targets(118,5): error MSB3073: The command "dotnet "C:\Users\VssAdministrator\.nuget\packages\microsoft.quantum.sdk\0.12.200914858-pull\DefaultItems\../tools/qsc/qsc.dll" build --format MsBuild -v Normal --response-files obj/qsharp/config/qsc.rsp" exited with code -3. [D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\IonQExe.csproj]
C:\Users\VssAdministrator\.nuget\packages\microsoft.quantum.sdk\0.12.200914858-pull\Sdk\Sdk.targets(123,5): error : Q# compiler failed with exit code: -3. [D:\a\1\s\submodules\qsharp-runtime\src\Simulation\Simulators.Tests\TestProjects\IonQExe\IonQExe.csproj]

This is actually working as intended, because Reset is implemented in QsharpCore as

    operation Reset (target : Qubit) : Unit {
        
        if (M(target) == One)
        {
            X(target);
        }
    }

which is not supported on IonQ. I suspect IonQ has a custom implementation of reset that does not use a measurement branch. It might need a capability override, or for the IonQExe test to use the IonQ-specific Reset implementation.

[bamarsha]

After adding an @Capability("QPRGen0") override to Reset, the QDK pipeline passes: https://dev.azure.com/ms-quantum-public/Microsoft%20Quantum%20(public)/_build/results?buildId=15395&view=results