[blosc] Fix build with CMake 4.0

[chrismile]

This PR fixes the compilation of the blosc port with CMake 4.0, which removed compatibility with versions of CMake older than 3.5. This issue was fixed four days ago in the upstream repo (Blosc/c-blosc@051b9d2), but as vcpkg uses stable version releases of blosc, the proposed patch (which is exactly identical to the commit in the upstream repo) might be reasonable until a new stable version of blosc is released.

• Changes comply with the maintainer guide.
• SHA512s are updated for each updated download.
• The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version.
• Any fixed CI baseline entries are removed from that file.
• Any patches that are no longer applied are deleted from the port's directory.
• The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• Only one version is added to each modified port's versions file.

[BillyONeal]

Is this needed after #44712 ?

[vicroms]

Fixed via #44712