Add basic arithmetic operations to Math.py

[nborges-aws]

Summary

This PR extends the Math.py module with additional basic arithmetic operations, complementing the existing add function with four new mathematical operations.

Changes Made

• Added subtract function: Takes two integers and returns their difference
• Added multiply function: Takes two integers and returns their product
• Added divide function: Takes two integers and returns their quotient (integer division)
• Added modulo function: Takes two integers and returns the remainder
• Created .gitignore: Added Python cache files and IDE/OS specific files to prevent accidental commits

Implementation Details

• All new functions follow the same code style and pattern as the existing add function
• Type hints are consistently used (int type annotations for parameters and return values)
• Functions maintain a clean, simple implementation
• Code formatting follows Python conventions with proper spacing between function definitions

Testing Considerations

The new functions provide essential mathematical operations that can be tested with various integer inputs:

• Division operation uses integer division (//) to maintain consistency with return type hint
• Modulo operation provides remainder calculation capability

Files Modified

• src/Math.py - Added subtract, multiply, divide, and modulo functions
• .gitignore - New file to exclude build artifacts and system files