Add input size validation to Module.execute

[keyprocedure]

Summary

Adds input size validation to Module.execute to prevent possible silent memory corruption when too many EValue inputs are passed.

Fixes #10510

Test plan

• Added unit test TestExecuteWithTooManyInputs

• Verified by successfully running all module_test.cpp tests, except TestPTD (did not have access to ModuleLinear.ptd)

• To run locally:

  • Bypass is_fbcode guard in targets.bzl and redirect test file paths to use a locally exported ModuleAdd.pte file
  • Build and run tests via:

  buck2 build //extension/module/test:test
  buck2 run //extension/module/test:test
  

[pytorch-bot]

🔗 Helpful Links

🧪 See artifacts and rendered test results at hud.pytorch.org/pr/pytorch/executorch/10701

• 📄 Preview Python docs built from this PR

Note: Links to docs will display an error until the docs builds have been completed.

❌ 1 New Failure, 1 Unrelated Failure

As of commit bb83697 with merge base d069d65 ():

NEW FAILURE - The following job has failed:

• pull / unittest-editable / linux / linux-job (gh)
  extension/llm/modules/test/test_position_embeddings.py::TiledTokenPositionalEmbeddingTest::test_tiled_token_positional_embedding_et

BROKEN TRUNK - The following job failed but were present on the merge base:

👉 Rebase onto the `viable/strict` branch to avoid these failures

• pull / test-llava-runner-linux / linux-job (gh) (trunk failure)
  test_llava_export

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[keyprocedure]

@pytorchbot label "topic: not user facing"

[keyprocedure]

@pytorchbot label "release notes: none"

[keyprocedure]

Hi @shoumikhin, the CI failures are unrelated to this PR; they're due totest_llava_export and test_position_embeddings.py. Could you please merge when you get a chance?