update workflow references to `actions/cache` to v3 or v4

[jselig-rigetti]

See #1823

Error: This request has been automatically failed because it uses a deprecated version of `actions/cache: v2`.

Please update your workflow to use v3/v4 of actions/cache to avoid interruptions.

Learn more: https://github.blog/changelog/2024-12-05-notice-of-upcoming-releases-and-breaking-changes-for-github-actions/#actions-cache-v1-v2-and-actions-toolkit-cache-package-closing-down