【1901100023】自学训练营学习13群 DAY6

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E03_calculator.py

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+# 
+# 这里是单行注释
+
+''' 嘿嘿嘿
+这是 （顶着开头这行开头写，开头与line2的#对齐）
+多行注释
+注释的作用：给人看，方便理解。不运行
+'''
+
+"""
+这也是
+多行注释
+"""
+
+# 计算器确定三个输入信息，分别是运算符、运算符左边的数字和运算符右边的数字
+
+# The equal sign (=) is used to assign a value to a variable（给变量赋值）
+# string(字符串) 是'' "" 里的东西
+# 把内置函数 input 接收的输入字符 赋值 给变量
+operator = input('请输入运算符（+、-、*、/）:') # input里面字符串的作用是在等待输入的时候进行提示
+first_number = input('请输入第一个数字：')
+second_number = input('请输入第二个数字：')
+
+a = int(first_number) # int(first_number)在这里的作用：把str类型 的first_number 转换成 int 类型(a type of numbers)
+b = int(second_number)
+
+# The print() function produces a more readable output, by omitting the enclosing quotes and by printing escaped and special characters
+# print() 打印后 括号内，逗号分隔的部分之间无自动空格
+print('operator:', operator, type(operator)) 
+print('first_number:', first_number, type(first_number), type(a))
+print('second_number:', second_number, type(second_number), type(b))
+
+print('测试加法 str 加法：', first_number + second_number) # 与int类型的加法比较
+# print('测试加法 str 减法：'，first_number - second_number) # 错误。字符串不支持减法运算
+
+
+if operator == '+': # == 值相等
+    print(a, '+', b, '=',a + b) #缩进：默认4空格。按tab/空格键4次
+elif operator == '-':
+    print(a, '-' ,b,'=' ,a - b)
+elif operator == '*':
+    print(a, '*', b, '=', a * b)
+elif operator == '/':
+    print(a, '/', b, '=',a/b) # 运算符号前后无空格不影响～逗号后有空格也不影响～
+else:
+    print('无效运算符')
+    # raise ValueError(无效运算符)

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E04_control_flow.py

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+
+print('打印九九乘法表')
+for i in range (1, 10):           #遍历一个从1～9的列表，不包含10。i可以理解为行
+    print('第%d行' % i, end='\t') # control+斜杠 可以注释掉
+    for j in range(1, i + 1):    # j可以理解为列
+        print(i, '*', j, '=', i * j, end='\t')
+        # print('{}*{}={}'.format(i,j,i*j), end='\t')
+        # end='\t'表示以tad键结尾（空格符号-占8个字符位）
+    print()
+
+print('\n打印跳过偶数行的九九乘法表')
+i = 1  # ‘=’是赋值的意思，把i的起始值设为1
+while i < 10:
+    if i % 2 == 0:  # %取余数
+        print()  #就换行～
+    else:        #否则就执行
+        for j in range(1, i + 1):
+            print(i, '*', j, '=', i * j, end='\t')
+    i += 1  # 是i=i+1 的缩写，相当于把上一个的i再加1，重新赋值给了新的i

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E05_array.py

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+array=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
+array.reverse()
+
+array1 = [str(i) for i in array]
+print(array1)
+array2 = ''.join(array1)
+print(array2)
+
+array3 = array2[2:8]
+
+array4= []
+for i in array3:
+    array4.append(str(i))
+array4.reverse()
+array5=''.join(array4)
+array6=[]
+for i in array5:
+    array6.append(int(i))
+print(array6)
+
+array7=[]
+array8=[]
+array9=[]
+for i in array6:
+    array7.append(bin(i))
+    array8.append(oct(i))
+    array9.append(hex(i))
+print(array7, array8, array9)

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E05_stats_text.py

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+text='''
+The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
+
+
+Beautiful is better than ugly.
+Explicit is better than implicit.
+Simple is better than complex.
+Complex is better than complicated. 9 Flat is better than nested.
+Sparse is better than dense.
+Readability counts.
+Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
+Although practicality beats purity.
+Errors should never pass silently.
+Unless explicitly silenced.
+In the face of ambxiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
+There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do
+it.
+Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
+Now is better than never.
+Although never is often better than *right* now.
+If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
+If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
+Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
+'''
+
+text1 = text.replace(',',' ').replace('.',' ').replace("'",' ').replace('--',' ').replace('*',' ')
+list1 = text1.lower().split()
+dict1 = {}  #新建字典
+for i in list1:
+    count = list1.count(i)
+    n = {i:count}
+    dict1.update(n)
+print(dict1)
+dict1 = sorted(dict1.items(), key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) 
+ # x is the list, in which we are adding x[1] i.e 2nd element of list to the sort function. 
+ # sort(mylist, key=lambda x: x[1]) sorts mylist based on the value of key as applied to each element of the list. 
+print(dict1)

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E05_string.py

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+text='''
+The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
+
+
+Beautiful is better than ugly.
+Explicit is better than implicit.
+Simple is better than complex.
+Complex is better than complicated. 9 Flat is better than nested.
+Sparse is better than dense.
+Readability counts.
+Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
+Although practicality beats purity.
+Errors should never pass silently.
+Unless explicitly silenced.
+In the face of ambxiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
+There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do
+it.
+Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
+Now is better than never.
+Although never is often better than *right* now.
+If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
+If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
+Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
+'''
+
+text1 = text.replace('better', 'worse')
+print(text1)
+
+text2 = text1.split(' ')
+text3=[]
+for i in text2:
+    if 'ea' not in i:   #相反的思路~ 不是想着删掉啥，而是想想留下来的啥
+        text3.append(i)
+# print(text3)
+
+text4 = (' '.join(text3))
+print(text4)
+
+text5 = text4.swapcase()
+print(text5)
+
+text6 = text5.split()
+text6.sort(key=str.lower)
+print(text6)

exercises/1901100023/1001S02E06_stats_word.py

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+# 1. 定义⼀一个名为 stats_text_en 的函数，函数接受⼀个 字符串 text 作为参数
+def stats_text_en(text):
+
+# 2. 实现该函数的功能(同day5任务2):统计参数中每个英⽂文单词出现的次数，最后返回⼀个按词频 降序 排列列的 数组
+    elements = text.split()   # list。构成函数体的语句从下一行开始，并且必须缩进。
+    words = []
+    symbols = ',*!*.-'
+    for element in elements:
+        for symbol in symbols:
+            element = element.replace(symbol,'')
+        if len(element):      # 看单词长度是否大于0，大于0则为真正的单词
+            words.append(element)
+    counter = {}
+    word_set = set(words)
+    for word in word_set:
+        counter[word]=words.count(word)
+    # 函数返回用 return 进行返回，如果没有 return 返回值则为 None
+    return sorted(counter.items(),key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
+
+
+en_text= '''
+The Zen of Python, by Tim Peters
+
+Beautiful is better than ugly.
+Explicit is better than implicit.
+Simple is better than complex.
+Complex is better than complicated. 9 Flat is better than nested.
+Sparse is better than dense.
+Readability counts.
+Special cases aren't special enough to break the rules.
+Although practicality beats purity.
+Errors should never pass silently.
+Unless explicitly silenced.
+In the face of ambxiguity, refuse the temptation to guess.
+There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do
+it.
+Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.
+Now is better than never.
+Although never is often better than *right* now.
+If the implementation is hard to explain, it's a bad idea.
+If the implementation is easy to explain, it may be a good idea.
+Namespaces are one honking great idea -- let's do more of those!
+'''
+
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 3. 定义⼀一个名为 stats_text_cn 的函数，函数接受一个字符串串 text 作为参数
+# 4. 实现该函数的功能:统计参数中每个中⽂文汉字出现的次数，最后返回⼀个按字频 降序 排列的 数组  
+def stats_text_cn(text):
+    cn_characters = []
+    for character in text:
+        if '\u4e00' <= character <= '\u9fff':  # unicode中文字符的范围
+        # 计算机中所有的字符都是有数字来表示的。汉字也是有数字表示的，
+        # Unicdoe4E00~9FFF表示中文
+        # if u'a' <= ch <= u'z' or u'A' <= ch <= u'Z':提取英文
+            cn_characters.append(character)
+        counter = {}
+        cn_character_set = set(cn_characters)
+        for character in cn_character_set:
+            counter[character] = cn_characters.count(character)
+    return sorted(counter.items(),key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True)
+
+
+cn_text = '''
+上善若水。
+水善利万物而不争，处众人之所恶，故几于道。
+居，善地；心，善渊；与，善仁；言，善信；政，善治；事，善能；动，善时。
+夫唯不争，故无尤。
+'''
+
+
+# 搜索 name__==__main__
+# 一般情况下在文件中测试代码的时候，以以下形式进行
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    en_result = stats_text_en(en_text)
+    cn_result = stats_text_cn(cn_text)
+    print('统计参数中每个英文单词出现的次数==>\n',en_result)
+    print('统计参数中每个中文汉字出现的次数==>\n', cn_result)