Fix usage of Pulsar's AuthenticationState object

[eolivelli]

The original patch was written by @michaeljmarshall here

Motivation

There is a breaking API change in upcoming Pulsar versions:
apache/pulsar#19295

This patch allows KOP to run on newer Pulsar versions.

Modifications

Use the authenticate() method instead of authenticateAsync()

Verifying this change

• Make sure that the change passes the CI checks.

This change is already covered by existing tests, such as (please describe tests).

Documentation

Need to update docs?

• doc-required

  (If you need help on updating docs, create a doc issue)

• no-need-doc

  (Please explain why)

• doc

  (If this PR contains doc changes)

[BewareMyPower]

I think we don't need to migrate this fix from datastax/starlight-for-kafka#85. From the description:

Then when the luna streaming release containing the asynchronous authentication changes gets released, we will upgrade S4K via datastax/starlight-for-kafka#84.

KoP depends on the 3.0.0 release candidate, which already contains the asynchronous authentication changes. This issue seems only related to the dependency of s4k.

[eolivelli]

@BewareMyPower you are right.
S4K is still based on Pulsar 2.10.x, we don't need this here.