❄️ Update cryostat docs

documentation/proc-pages/eng-models/cryostat-and-vacuum-system.md

@@ -1,11 +1,70 @@
 # Cryostat
-The _vacuum vessel_ provides a toroidal evacuated chamber containing the plasma, first wall, blanket and shield.  The _cryostat_ is a cylindrical chamber enclosing the entire reactor, including the vacuum vessel and all the coils and the intercoil structure.  It provides a vacuum for thermal insulation. 
 
-The top flange of the cryostat will be a large structure taking a considerable load from atmospheric pressure.  PROCESS does not calculate the required thickness, but the vertical distance *h* between the uppermost PF coil and the top flange of the cryostat is set using `clhsf` (default value 4.268 m); a scaling based on ITER is used:
+The _vacuum vessel_ provides a toroidal evacuated chamber containing the plasma, first wall, blanket and shield.  The _cryostat_ is a cylindrical chamber enclosing the entire reactor, including the vacuum vessel and all the coils and the intercoil structure.  It provides a vacuum for thermal insulation.
+
+-------------
+
+## Cryostat geometry | `external_cryo_geometry()`
+
+### Calculate inboard radius
+
+The radius of the inboard side of the cryostat is found by taking the radius of the furthest out PF coil and adding a clearance gap:
+
+$$
+\mathtt{r\_cryostat\_inboard}, r_{\text{cryostat}} = \text{max}(r_{\text{PF}}) + \mathtt{dr\_pf\_cryostat}
+$$
+
+where $\mathtt{dr\_pf\_cryostat}$ is the radial PF coil to cryostat gap specified by the user at input.
+
+----------------
+
+### Vertical clearance
+
+The top flange of the cryostat will be a large structure taking a considerable load from atmospheric pressure.  The vertical distance $\mathrm{d}z_{\text{PF,cryostat}}$ between the uppermost PF coil and the top inside flange of the cryostat is set using a scaling based on ITER is used:
+
+$$
+\mathtt{dz\_pf\_cryostat}, \mathrm{d}z_{\text{PF,cryostat}} = \texttt{f_z_cryostat} \left( \frac{2 \times \texttt{r_cryostat_inboard}}{28.440}\right)
+$$
+
+-------------------
+
+### Half-height
+
+The internal half height of the cryostat is then calculated by taking the maximum vertical height of the PF coils and adding the calculated clearance, $\mathtt{dz\_pf\_cryostat}$.
+
 $$
-h = \mathtt{clhsf} \left( \frac{2 \times \mathtt{rdewex}}{28.440}\right)
+\mathtt{z\_cryostat\_half\_inside} = \text{max}(z_{\text{PF}}) + \mathtt{dz\_pf\_cryostat}
 $$
 
+-------------------
+
+### Vertical clearance of TF coil
+
+The vertical clearance between the top of the TF coil and the inside of the cryostat is then calculated:
+
+$$
+\mathtt{dz\_tf\_cryostat} = \mathtt{z\_cryostat\_half\_inside} - (z_{\text{TF}} + \mathrm{d}z_{\text{TF}})
+$$
+
+where $z_{\text{TF}}$ is the height of the inside of the TF leg and $\mathrm{d}z_{\text{TF}}$ is its thickness.
+
+----------------------
+
+
+### Calculate cryostat volume
+
+We calculate the cryostat volume by taking the outer dimensions of the cryostat structure and then remove that of the inside structure. This is just subtracting the volumes of two cylinders.
+
+$$
+\mathtt{vol\_cryostat}, V_{\text{cryostat}} = \\
+\underbrace{\left[\pi \left(r_{\text{cryostat}}+dr_{\text{cryostat}}\right)^2 \times 2\left(\mathtt{z\_cryostat\_half\_inside}+ dr_{\text{cryostat}}\right)\right]}_{\text{Outer shell}} \\
+- \underbrace{\left[\pi r_{\text{cryostat}}+^2 \times 2\left(\mathtt{z\_cryostat\_half\_inside}\right) \right]}_{\text{Inner shell}}
+$$
+
+where $dr_{\text{cryostat}}$ is the uniform thickness of the cryostat that is set at input by the user with `dr_cryostat =`
+
+-------------------
+
 # Cryogenics
 The model for the cryogenic cooling power, and the electric power to provide this, is based on D.S. Slack, J.A. Kern, J.R., Miller, Cryogenic system design for a compact tokamak reactor, UCRL-98733, DE89 003176 (1989).  See related issues for comments.
 

documentation/proc-pages/fusion-devices/stellarator.md

@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ declfw = 0.075 *Neutron decay length in first wall (m)
 declshld = 0.075 *Neutron decay length in shield area (m)
 blnkith = 0.6 *Inboard blanket thickness (m)
 blnkoth = 0.6 *Outboard blanket thickness (m)
-ddwex = 0.15 *Cryostat thickness (m)
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 *Cryostat thickness (m)
 d_vv_in = 0.01 *Vacuum vessel thickness (TF coil / shield) (m)
 gapds = 0.025 *Gap between inboard vacuum vessel and tf coil (m)
 gapomin = 0.025 *Minimum gap between outboard vacuum vessel and TF coil (m)

examples/data/csv_output_large_tokamak_MFILE.DAT

@@ -604,7 +604,7 @@
  Divertor_structure_vertical_thickness_(m)_______________________________ (divfix)______________________      6.2000E-01    
  Bottom_radiation_shield_thickness_(m)___________________________________ (shldlth)_____________________      7.0000E-01    
  Underside_vacuum_vessel_radial_thickness_(m)____________________________ (d_vv_bot)____________________      3.0000E-01    
- External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (ddwex)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
+ External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (dr_cryostat)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
  Ratio_of_Central_solenoid_height_to_TF_coil_internal_height_____________ (ohhghf)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  Width_of_neutral_beam_duct_where_it_passes_between_the_TF_coils_(m)_____ (beamwd)______________________      5.8000E-01    
  # Divertor build and plasma position #
@@ -992,9 +992,9 @@
  No_of_outboard_blanket_modules_toroidally_______________________________ (nblktmodto)__________________             48    
  Isentropic_efficiency_of_first_wall_/_blanket_coolant_pumps_____________ (etaiso)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  First_wall_area_(m2)____________________________________________________ (fwarea)______________________      1.6044E+03 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (rdewex)______________________      1.7769E+01 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (zdewex)______________________      1.5292E+01 OP 
- Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (clh1)________________________      5.6091E+00 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (r_cryostat_inboard)______________________      1.7769E+01 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (z_cryostat_half_inside)______________________      1.5292E+01 OP 
+ Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (dz_tf_cryostat)________________________      5.6091E+00 OP 
  Divertor_area_(m2)______________________________________________________ (divsur)______________________      1.4879E+02 OP 
  Divertor_mass_(kg)______________________________________________________ (divmas)______________________      3.6453E+04 OP 
  # Superconducting TF Coil Power Conversion #
@@ -1523,7 +1523,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/large_tokamak_1_MFILE.DAT

@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
  Divertor_structure_vertical_thickness_(m)_______________________________ (divfix)______________________      6.2000E-01    
  Bottom_radiation_shield_thickness_(m)___________________________________ (shldlth)_____________________      7.0000E-01    
  Underside_vacuum_vessel_radial_thickness_(m)____________________________ (d_vv_bot)____________________      3.0000E-01    
- External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (ddwex)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
+ External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (dr_cryostat)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
  Ratio_of_Central_solenoid_height_to_TF_coil_internal_height_____________ (ohhghf)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  Width_of_neutral_beam_duct_where_it_passes_between_the_TF_coils_(m)_____ (beamwd)______________________      5.8000E-01    
  # Divertor build and plasma position #
@@ -987,9 +987,9 @@
  No_of_outboard_blanket_modules_toroidally_______________________________ (nblktmodto)__________________             48    
  Isentropic_efficiency_of_first_wall_/_blanket_coolant_pumps_____________ (etaiso)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  First_wall_area_(m2)____________________________________________________ (fwarea)______________________      1.6044E+03 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (rdewex)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (zdewex)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
- Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (clh1)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (r_cryostat_inboard)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (z_cryostat_half_inside)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
+ Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (dz_tf_cryostat)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
  Divertor_area_(m2)______________________________________________________ (divsur)______________________      1.4879E+02 OP 
  Divertor_mass_(kg)______________________________________________________ (divmas)______________________      3.6453E+04 OP 
  # Superconducting TF Coil Power Conversion #
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/large_tokamak_2_MFILE.DAT

@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
  Divertor_structure_vertical_thickness_(m)_______________________________ (divfix)______________________      6.2000E-01    
  Bottom_radiation_shield_thickness_(m)___________________________________ (shldlth)_____________________      7.0000E-01    
  Underside_vacuum_vessel_radial_thickness_(m)____________________________ (d_vv_bot)____________________      3.0000E-01    
- External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (ddwex)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
+ External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (dr_cryostat)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
  Ratio_of_Central_solenoid_height_to_TF_coil_internal_height_____________ (ohhghf)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  Width_of_neutral_beam_duct_where_it_passes_between_the_TF_coils_(m)_____ (beamwd)______________________      5.8000E-01    
  # Divertor build and plasma position #
@@ -987,9 +987,9 @@
  No_of_outboard_blanket_modules_toroidally_______________________________ (nblktmodto)__________________             48    
  Isentropic_efficiency_of_first_wall_/_blanket_coolant_pumps_____________ (etaiso)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  First_wall_area_(m2)____________________________________________________ (fwarea)______________________      1.6044E+03 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (rdewex)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (zdewex)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
- Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (clh1)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (r_cryostat_inboard)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (z_cryostat_half_inside)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
+ Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (dz_tf_cryostat)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
  Divertor_area_(m2)______________________________________________________ (divsur)______________________      1.4879E+02 OP 
  Divertor_mass_(kg)______________________________________________________ (divmas)______________________      3.6453E+04 OP 
  # Superconducting TF Coil Power Conversion #
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/large_tokamak_3_MFILE.DAT

@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
  Divertor_structure_vertical_thickness_(m)_______________________________ (divfix)______________________      6.2000E-01    
  Bottom_radiation_shield_thickness_(m)___________________________________ (shldlth)_____________________      7.0000E-01    
  Underside_vacuum_vessel_radial_thickness_(m)____________________________ (d_vv_bot)____________________      3.0000E-01    
- External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (ddwex)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
+ External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (dr_cryostat)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
  Ratio_of_Central_solenoid_height_to_TF_coil_internal_height_____________ (ohhghf)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  Width_of_neutral_beam_duct_where_it_passes_between_the_TF_coils_(m)_____ (beamwd)______________________      5.8000E-01    
  # Divertor build and plasma position #
@@ -987,9 +987,9 @@
  No_of_outboard_blanket_modules_toroidally_______________________________ (nblktmodto)__________________             48    
  Isentropic_efficiency_of_first_wall_/_blanket_coolant_pumps_____________ (etaiso)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  First_wall_area_(m2)____________________________________________________ (fwarea)______________________      1.6044E+03 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (rdewex)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (zdewex)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
- Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (clh1)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (r_cryostat_inboard)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (z_cryostat_half_inside)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
+ Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (dz_tf_cryostat)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
  Divertor_area_(m2)______________________________________________________ (divsur)______________________      1.4879E+02 OP 
  Divertor_mass_(kg)______________________________________________________ (divmas)______________________      3.6453E+04 OP 
  # Superconducting TF Coil Power Conversion #
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/large_tokamak_4_MFILE.DAT

@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@
  Divertor_structure_vertical_thickness_(m)_______________________________ (divfix)______________________      6.2000E-01    
  Bottom_radiation_shield_thickness_(m)___________________________________ (shldlth)_____________________      7.0000E-01    
  Underside_vacuum_vessel_radial_thickness_(m)____________________________ (d_vv_bot)____________________      3.0000E-01    
- External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (ddwex)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
+ External_cryostat_thickness_(m)_________________________________________ (dr_cryostat)_______________________      1.5000E-01    
  Ratio_of_Central_solenoid_height_to_TF_coil_internal_height_____________ (ohhghf)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  Width_of_neutral_beam_duct_where_it_passes_between_the_TF_coils_(m)_____ (beamwd)______________________      5.8000E-01    
  # Divertor build and plasma position #
@@ -987,9 +987,9 @@
  No_of_outboard_blanket_modules_toroidally_______________________________ (nblktmodto)__________________             48    
  Isentropic_efficiency_of_first_wall_/_blanket_coolant_pumps_____________ (etaiso)______________________      9.0000E-01    
  First_wall_area_(m2)____________________________________________________ (fwarea)______________________      1.6044E+03 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (rdewex)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
- Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (zdewex)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
- Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (clh1)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_radius_(m)____________________________________________ (r_cryostat_inboard)______________________      1.7798E+01 OP 
+ Cryostat_internal_half-height_(m)_______________________________________ (z_cryostat_half_inside)______________________      1.5339E+01 OP 
+ Vertical_clearance_from_TF_coil_to_cryostat_(m)_________________________ (dz_tf_cryostat)________________________      5.6044E+00 OP 
  Divertor_area_(m2)______________________________________________________ (divsur)______________________      1.4879E+02 OP 
  Divertor_mass_(kg)______________________________________________________ (divmas)______________________      3.6453E+04 OP 
  # Superconducting TF Coil Power Conversion #
@@ -1517,7 +1517,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/large_tokamak_IN.DAT

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ scraplo = 0.25
 blnkoth = 1.0
 
 * Cryostat thickness [m]
-ddwex = 0.15 
+dr_cryostat = 0.15 
 
 * Outboard shield thickness [m]
 shldoth = 0.800

examples/data/mfile_to_csv_vars.json

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
         "ohcth",
         "cpttf",
         "dr_tf_wp",
-        "ddwex",
+        "dr_cryostat",
         "shldoth",
         "divfix",
         "rmajor"