feat: add password authentication and SSH key passphrase support

Cargo.toml

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ directories = "6"
 dirs = "6.0"
 chrono = "0.4"
 glob = "0.3"
+whoami = "1.5"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = "3"

README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ A high-performance parallel SSH command execution tool for cluster management, b
 - **Parallel Execution**: Execute commands across multiple nodes simultaneously
 - **Cluster Management**: Define and manage node clusters via configuration files
 - **Progress Tracking**: Real-time progress indicators for each node
-- **Flexible Authentication**: Support for SSH keys and SSH agent
+- **Flexible Authentication**: Support for SSH keys, SSH agent, password authentication, and encrypted key passphrases
 - **Host Key Verification**: Secure host key checking with known_hosts support
 - **Cross-Platform**: Works on Linux and macOS
 - **Output Management**: Save command outputs to files per node with detailed logging
@@ -35,6 +35,12 @@ bssh -c staging -i ~/.ssh/custom_key "systemctl status nginx"
 # Use SSH agent for authentication
 bssh --use-agent -c production "systemctl status nginx"
 
+# Use password authentication (will prompt for password)
+bssh --password -H "user@host.com" "uptime"
+
+# Use encrypted SSH key (will prompt for passphrase)
+bssh -i ~/.ssh/encrypted_key -c production "df -h"
+
 # Limit parallel connections
 bssh -c production --parallel 5 "apt update"
 ```
@@ -49,6 +55,38 @@ bssh -c production ping
 bssh list
 ```
 
+## Authentication
+
+bssh supports multiple authentication methods:
+
+### SSH Key Authentication
+- **Default keys**: Automatically tries `~/.ssh/id_ed25519`, `~/.ssh/id_rsa`, `~/.ssh/id_ecdsa`, `~/.ssh/id_dsa`
+- **Custom key**: Use `-i` flag to specify a key file
+- **Encrypted keys**: Automatically detects and prompts for passphrase
+
+### SSH Agent
+- **Auto-detection**: Automatically uses SSH agent if `SSH_AUTH_SOCK` is set
+- **Explicit**: Use `-A` flag to force SSH agent authentication
+
+### Password Authentication
+- Use `-P` flag to enable password authentication
+- Password is prompted securely without echo
+
+### Examples
+```bash
+# Use default SSH key (auto-detect)
+bssh -H "user@host" "uptime"
+
+# Use specific SSH key (prompts for passphrase if encrypted)
+bssh -i ~/.ssh/custom_key -c production "df -h"
+
+# Use SSH agent
+bssh -A -c production "systemctl status"
+
+# Use password authentication
+bssh -P -H "user@host" "ls -la"
+```
+
 ## Configuration
 
 ### Configuration Priority Order

docs/man/bssh.1

@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@ bssh \- Backend.AI SSH - Parallel command execution across cluster nodes
 is a high-performance parallel SSH command execution tool for cluster management, built with Rust.
 It enables efficient execution of commands across multiple nodes simultaneously with real-time output streaming.
 The tool provides secure file transfer capabilities using SFTP protocol for both uploading and downloading files
-to/from multiple remote hosts in parallel. It automatically detects Backend.AI multi-node session environments 
-and supports various configuration methods.
+to/from multiple remote hosts in parallel. It supports multiple authentication methods including SSH keys (with
+passphrase support for encrypted keys), SSH agent, and password authentication. It automatically detects Backend.AI
+multi-node session environments and supports various configuration methods.
 
 .SH OPTIONS
 .TP
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ Default username for SSH connections
 
 .TP
 .BR \-i ", " \-\-identity " " \fIIDENTITY\fR
-SSH private key file path
+SSH private key file path. If the key is encrypted, bssh will
+automatically prompt for the passphrase.
 
 .TP
 .BR \-A ", " \-\-use\-agent
@@ -46,6 +48,12 @@ When this option is specified, bssh will attempt to use the SSH agent
 for authentication. Falls back to key file authentication if the agent
 is not available or authentication fails.
 
+.TP
+.BR \-P ", " \-\-password
+Use password authentication. When this option is specified, bssh will
+prompt for the password securely without echoing it to the terminal.
+This is useful for systems that don't have SSH keys configured.
+
 .TP
 .BR \-p ", " \-\-parallel " " \fIPARALLEL\fR
 Maximum parallel connections (default: 10)
@@ -205,6 +213,20 @@ Use custom SSH key:
 Use SSH agent for authentication:
 .B bssh -A -c production "systemctl status"
 
+.TP
+Use password authentication:
+.B bssh -P -H "user@host.com" "uptime"
+.RS
+Prompts for password interactively
+.RE
+
+.TP
+Use encrypted SSH key:
+.B bssh -i ~/.ssh/encrypted_key -c production "df -h"
+.RS
+Automatically detects encrypted key and prompts for passphrase
+.RE
+
 .TP
 Save output to files:
 .B bssh --output-dir ./results -c production "ps aux"
@@ -299,8 +321,9 @@ User configuration directory location
 SSH known hosts file for host key verification
 
 .TP
-.I ~/.ssh/id_rsa
-Default SSH private key
+.I ~/.ssh/id_ed25519, ~/.ssh/id_rsa, ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa, ~/.ssh/id_dsa
+Default SSH private keys (checked in order of preference). If a key is
+encrypted, bssh will prompt for the passphrase.
 
 .TP
 .I $SSH_AUTH_SOCK

src/cli.rs

@@ -47,7 +47,11 @@ pub struct Cli {
     #[arg(short = 'u', long, help = "Default username for SSH connections")]
     pub user: Option<String>,
 
-    #[arg(short = 'i', long, help = "SSH private key file path")]
+    #[arg(
+        short = 'i',
+        long,
+        help = "SSH private key file path (prompts for passphrase if encrypted)"
+    )]
     pub identity: Option<PathBuf>,
 
     #[arg(
@@ -57,6 +61,13 @@ pub struct Cli {
     )]
     pub use_agent: bool,
 
+    #[arg(
+        short = 'P',
+        long,
+        help = "Use password authentication (will prompt for password)"
+    )]
+    pub password: bool,
+
     #[arg(
         short = 'p',
         long,

src/config.rs

@@ -103,7 +103,18 @@ impl Config {
                 // Get current user as default
                 let default_user = env::var("USER")
                     .or_else(|_| env::var("USERNAME"))
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| "root".to_string());
+                    .or_else(|_| env::var("LOGNAME"))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+                        // Try to get current user from system
+                        #[cfg(unix)]
+                        {
+                            whoami::username()
+                        }
+                        #[cfg(not(unix))]
+                        {
+                            "user".to_string()
+                        }
+                    });
 
                 // Backend.AI multi-node clusters use port 2200 by default
                 nodes.push(NodeConfig::Simple(format!("{default_user}@{host}:2200")));
@@ -215,7 +226,20 @@ impl Config {
                         .or_else(|| cluster.defaults.user.as_ref().map(|u| expand_env_vars(u)))
                         .or_else(|| self.defaults.user.as_ref().map(|u| expand_env_vars(u)))
                         .unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                            std::env::var("USER").unwrap_or_else(|_| "root".to_string())
+                            std::env::var("USER")
+                                .or_else(|_| std::env::var("USERNAME"))
+                                .or_else(|_| std::env::var("LOGNAME"))
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|_| {
+                                    // Try to get current user from system
+                                    #[cfg(unix)]
+                                    {
+                                        whoami::username()
+                                    }
+                                    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+                                    {
+                                        "user".to_string()
+                                    }
+                                })
                         });
 
                     let port = port