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Continuous kludge to keep pdivt > 0 #3578

@jonmaddock

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@jonmaddock

pdivt is currently coerced to be > 0 by preventing it going below 1e-3. This causes a discontinuity in pdivt and anything that uses it (e.g. L-H threshold constraint) when radiating high powers (e.g. for high tungsten impurities).

Whilst a negative pdivt is mathematically acceptable (a negative potential power) in the model in which it is calculated (Physics.physics()), it causes maths errors in other models where only a physical value is accepted (Physics.calculate_density_limit()). Therefore pdivt should be kept "physical" to ensure all models work with it, but this should be done continuously.

The following equation satisfies these requirements:
$$y = \frac{x}{1 - e^{-x}}$$
keeping $x$ continuously positive whilst maintaining linearity for $x >> 0$. This modification is unphysical (in that it has no physical validity), but it is required to reconcile different models that expect pdivt to only have physical values or not.

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