The protobuf codecs do not support all data types

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Problem

This #23550 advertised that the protobuf codecs support all data types. But actually the implementation needs further changes.

Configuration

# omitted, assume a source that emits metrics
    decoding:
      codec: protobuf
      protobuf:
        desc_file: /path/to/proto.desc
        message_type: SomeType

Version

0.49.0

Debug Output

Example Data

No response

Additional Context

No response

References

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